Forgive meanings in Mark 11:25 & Mt 6: 12, 14 馬可福音 11:25 與馬太福音 6:12、14 中「饒恕」的含義

 Mrk 11:25  And G2532  when G3752  ye stand G4739  praying, G4336  forgive, G863  if G1487  ye have G2192  ought G5100  against G2596  any: G5100  that G2443  your G5216  Father G3962  also G2532  which G3588  is in G1722  heaven G3772  may forgive G863  you G5213  your G5216  trespasses. G3900 

Mrk 11:25  你們站著禱告的時候，若想起有人得罪你們，就當饒恕他，好叫你們在天上的父也饒恕你們的過犯。

Forgive: G863   (Strong)

ἀφίημι

aphiēmi

af-ee'-ay-mee

From G575 and ἵημι hiēmi (to send; an intensive form of εἶμι eimi (to go)); to send forth, in various applications: - cry, forgive, forsake, lay aside, leave, let (alone, be, go, have), omit, put (send) away, remit, suffer, yield up.

Trespass: G3900   (Strong)

παράπτωμα

paraptōma

par-ap'-to-mah

From G3895; a side slip (lapse or deviation), that is, (unintentional) error or (wilful) transgression: - fall, fault, offence, sin, trespass.

Mat 6:14  For G1063  if G1437  ye forgive G863  men G444  their G846  trespasses, G3900  your G5216  heavenly G3770  Father G3962  will also G2532  forgive G863  you: G5213 

Mat 6:14  你們饒恕人的過犯，你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯；

Forgive: G863   (Strong) aphiēmi

Trespass: G3900   (Strong) paraptōma

The two verses have the same meanings on "forgive" and "trespass." 

兩段經文在「饒恕」與「過犯」的原文含義上是一致的。

Albert Barnes' Commentary on Matthew 6:14-15

For if ye forgive men their trespasses — If ye forgive others when they offend or injure you.

因為若你們饒恕人的過犯——也就是當別人冒犯你或傷害你時，你們饒恕他們。

Your heavenly Father will also forgive you — This is constantly required in the Bible.

你們在天上的父也必饒恕你們——這是聖經中一貫的要求。

See the notes at Mat 6:12. Our Saviour says we should forgive even if the offence be committed seventy times seven times, Mat 18:22.

參見馬太福音 6:12 的註釋。救主說，即使某人犯錯達七十個七次，我們也應當饒恕（太18:22）。

By this is meant, that when a man asks forgiveness, we are cordially and forever to pardon the offence; we are to declare our willingness to forgive him.

這表示：當一個人請求寬恕時，我們應真誠並永久地赦免他的過犯；我們應表明我們願意饒恕他。

If he does not ask forgiveness, yet we are still to treat him kindly; not to harbor malice, not to speak ill of him, to be ready to do him good.

若他未請求寬恕，我們仍應以仁慈待他；不可懷恨、不可說他的壞話、並預備好向他行善。

And be always prepared to declare him forgiven when he asks it, and if we are not ready and willing to forgive him; we are assured that God will not forgive us.

當他請求時，我們要常常預備好宣告饒恕他；若我們不願意或不準備饒恕他，可以確知神也不會饒恕我們。

Appendix: 

Albert Barnes' Commentary on Mat 6:12

Mat 6:12  And G2532  forgive G863  us G2254  our G2257  debts, G3783  as G5613  we G2249  forgive G863  our G2257  debtors. G3781 

Mat 6:12  免我們的債，如同我們免了人的債。

Forgive: G863   (Strong) aphiēmi

Debts: G3783   (Strong)

ὀφείλημα

opheilēma

of-i'-lay-mah

From (the alternate of) G3784; something owed, that is, (figuratively) a due.; morally a fault: - debt.

 

And forgive us our debts ... — The word “debts” is used here figuratively.

「免我們的債」……— 這裡的「債」是以比喻方式使用。

It does not mean “literally” that we are “debtors to God,” but that our sins have a resemblance to debts.

這並不是「字面上」說我們欠神債，而是我們的罪與債務相似。

Debtors are those who are bound to others for some claim in commercial transactions; for something which we have had, and for which we are bound to pay according to contract.

在商業往來中，債務人因某種既得的利益而被綁定，需要按照契約償還。

“Literally” there can be no such transaction between God and us. It must be used figuratively.

在字面意義上，神與人之間並不存在這種交易。所以這必是比喻用法。

We have not met the claims of law. We have violated its obligations. We are exposed to its penalty. We are guilty, and God only can forgive, in the same way as none but a “creditor” can forgive a debtor.

我們未能滿足律法的要求；我們違反了律法的義務；我們因此暴露在刑罰之下；我們有罪，而只有神能饒恕，就像只有債主能免除債務。

The word “debts” here, therefore, means “sins,” or offences against God - offences which none but God can forgive.

因此此處的「債」意指「罪」，即得罪神的過犯——只有神能饒恕。

In the parallel place in Luk 11:4, the word sins is used.

在對應的路加福音 11:4 中，使用的是「罪」這個字。

The measure by which we may expect forgiveness is that which we use in reference to others.

我們期待蒙赦免的尺度，就是我們赦免他人的尺度。

See Psa 18:25-26; Mat 18:23; Mrk 11:26; Luk 11:4.

參見詩篇 18:25–26；馬太福音 18:23；馬可福音 11:26；路加福音 11:4。

This is the invariable rule by which God dispenses pardon.

這是神施行赦免時不變的原則。

He that comes before him unwilling to forgive, harboring dark and revengeful thoughts, how can he expect that God will show him that mercy which he is unwilling to show to others?

若有人來到神面前仍不願饒恕別人，心中懷著陰暗與報復的意念，他怎能期待神向他施憐憫，而他自己卻不願將這憐憫給他人呢？

It is not, however, required that we should forgive “debts” in a pecuniary sense.

然而，這並不是要求我們在「金錢上」免除債務。

To them we have a right, though they should not be pushed with an overbearing and oppressive spirit; not so as to sacrifice the feelings of mercy in order to secure the claims of justice.

對於金錢債務，我們確實擁有權利，但不應以霸道或壓迫的方式逼迫償還；不可為了追求公義，而犧牲仁慈的心。

No one has a right to oppress; and when a debt cannot be paid, or when it would greatly distress a debtor’s wife and children, or a widow and an orphan, or when calamity has put it out of the power of an honest man to pay the debt, the spirit of Christianity requires that it should be forgiven.

沒有人有權去壓迫；當債務無法償還、或償還會使債務人的妻子兒女、寡婦或孤兒極度痛苦、或災禍使誠實的人無力償還時，基督信仰的精神要求應當免除這些債務。

To such cases this petition in the Lord’s prayer doubtless extends.

在主禱文中，這個祈求無疑也延伸到這類情況。

But it was probably intended to refer principally to injuries of character or person which we have received from others.

但這祈求主要指向他人在品格或行為上對我們造成的傷害。

If we cannot from the heart forgive them, we have the assurance that God will never forgive us.

若我們不能從心裡饒恕他們，我們就確知神也不會饒恕我們。