馬太福音16:19 中的捆綁與釋放
Matthew 16:19 — Binding and Loosing
馬太福音 16:19 —— 捆綁與釋放
“I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; and whatever you bind on earth shall have been bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall have been loosed in heaven.”
「我要把天國的鑰匙給你；凡你在地上所捆綁的，在天上也已經捆綁；凡你在地上所釋放的，在天上也已經釋放。」
In this passage, Jesus promises to build His church and entrusts Peter with the keys of the kingdom.
在這段經文中，耶穌應許要建立祂的教會，並把天國的鑰匙交給彼得。
The “keys” symbolize authority—the right to declare the entrance conditions of God’s kingdom (Isa 22:22; Luke 11:52; Rev 3:7).
「鑰匙」象徵權柄——宣告神國進入條件的權柄（賽 22:22；路 11:52；啟 3:7）。
Peter exercised this authority on Pentecost when he proclaimed to the Jews how to enter the church (Acts 2).
彼得在五旬節向猶太人宣告進入教會的條件時，正是行使這權柄（徒 2）。
He did the same when he first announced the gospel to the Gentiles (Acts 10).
他在首次向外邦人宣告福音時也同樣行使了這權柄（徒 10）。
The conditions were the same for both Jews and Gentiles.
對猶太人和外邦人而言，進入教會的條件完全一致。
This authority was not Peter’s alone; all apostles shared it (Matthew 18:18).
這權柄並非彼得專有；所有使徒都同樣擁有（太 18:18）。
“Binding” refers to what is required; “loosing” refers to what is permitted.
「捆綁」指必須遵行的事；「釋放」指可自願決定的事。
The apostles did not create law; they revealed what heaven had already determined (John 14:26; 15:26; 16:13).
使徒不是制定律法的人；他們只是揭示天上早已決定的事（約 14:26；15:26；16:13）。
Baptism for the forgiveness of sins is an example of something bound—absolutely required.
例如：為赦罪受浸，就是被捆綁的——絕對必要。
Foot-washing in John 13 is an example of something loosed—taught for humility but not commanded as a church requirement.
例如：約 13 的洗腳，是教導謙卑的行動，但並非教會要求的必要事項，因此屬於釋放。
Matthew 18:18 — Church Discipline
馬太福音 18:18 —— 教會紀律
“Truly I say to you, whatever you bind on earth shall have been bound in heaven; and whatever you loose on earth shall have been loosed in heaven.”
「我實在告訴你們，凡你們在地上所捆綁的，在天上也已經捆綁；凡你們在地上所釋放的，在天上也已經釋放。」
In this context, Jesus speaks to all the apostles regarding church discipline toward a sinning brother.
在此處，耶穌是對所有使徒說，內容關乎如何對待犯錯的弟兄。
“Binding and loosing” refers to decisions of fellowship: when to withdraw, when to restore.
「捆綁與釋放」指的是關於團契的決議：何時停止相交、何時挽回。
The church does not invent its own rules; it carries out what God has revealed to the apostles.
教會不是自己制定規條，而是執行神已啟示給使徒的真理。
These judgments are aligned with heaven because they come from God’s revealed word.
這些判決之所以與天一致，是因為它們來自神所啟示的話語。
Summary from John Grubb’s Class
顧約翰課程筆記摘要
The best translation is “shall have been bound/loosed”—heaven’s decision comes first, the apostles announce it.
最準確的翻譯是「已經捆綁／已經釋放」——天上的決定在先，使徒只是宣告。
Binding refers to what God requires.
捆綁指神所要求的事。
Loosing refers to matters God allows but does not command.
釋放指神允許，但不強制要求的事。
The standard of faith is not the apostle’s opinion but God’s revealed word.
信仰的標準不是使徒的個人見解，而是神啟示的話語。
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