動物的魂spirit (Ecc 3:21)

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21 誰 知 道 人 的 靈 是 往 上 升 ， 獸 的 魂 是 下 入 地 呢 ？


21 Who knoweth the spirit of man that goeth upward, and the spirit of the beast that goeth downward to the earth?


英文原文在傳道書3:21講the spirit of man和the spirit of the beast，都是用“spirit”，中文卻翻譯為「人的靈」與「動物的魂」。不過，本節經文所強調的是：人和動物都要面臨「肉體上的死亡」。

然而，獨有人擁有按神的形象所造的「靈魂」(英文可能用spirit 或是 soul)，動物沒有。

例如：馬太10:28「不能殺"靈魂"(soul)」，林前2:11「人裡頭的“靈"(spirit)」，雅各書2:24「身體沒有“靈魂”(spirit)是死的」。

所以，只有「人」死後或末日來到時，其不死的靈魂才要接受審判。


英文資料參考：

The Jehovah’s Witnesses claim, based upon their misunderstanding of Ecclesiastes 3:19-21, that “there is nothing that humans have as a result of birth that gives them superiority over beasts when they die” (Reasoning from the Scriptures, p. 383).

This context, however, is not addressing the higher nature of man. It is simply calling attention to the fact that so far as earthly existence is concerned, men and animals have a common destiny — death! Man has no advantage over the beast in this regard.

The term “spirit,” as used in this context, has to do with the animating principle of biological life that is common to both humans and lower forms of life. There is no allusion here to the “soul” (cf. Matthew 10:28), or “spirit” (cf. Daniel 7:15; 1 Corinthians 2:11; James 2:26) of man, which is created in the image of God and which makes him unique from all animals.

Hence, by the side of Ecclesiastes 3:19-21, write: Physical death in view — not the “soul” of man.

Jackson, Wayne. "Ecclesiastes 3:19-21 -- Man, Animals, and Death." ChristianCourier.com. Access date: August 14, 2021. https://www.christiancourier.com/articles/1069-ecclesiastes-3-19-21-man-animals-and-death

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